Overview
Neck masses (lumps) are common in children. Most are inflammatory (swollen lymph nodes from infection) or congenital (present from birth), but all persistent lumps require careful evaluation.
Common types & symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy: Swollen nodes due to viral or bacterial infections (often tender)
- Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: A lump in the midline of the neck that moves when swallowing or sticking out the tongue
- Branchial Cleft Cyst: A lump usually located on the side of the neck
- Dermoid Cyst: A slow-growing, painless lump often in the midline
When to see an ENT
- The lump is present for more than 2 weeks
- The lump is rapidly increasing in size
- Associated with fever, weight loss, or night sweats
- The skin over the lump is red and warm
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
What we do
- Detailed history and thorough physical examination of the head and neck
- Nasoendoscopy to check the throat and back of the nose
- Ultrasound scan of the neck (non-invasive and child-friendly)
- Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) if necessary
Treatment options
- Antibiotics for inflammatory nodes
- Observation for certain benign, stable lumps
- Surgical excision for congenital cysts or persistent/suspicious masses